1. Cov qauv smear yog ib txoj kev npaj swb los ntawm tusyees txheej ntawm cov khoom ntawm ib lub khob swb.
Cov ntaub ntawv pleev suab sib xws suav nrog cov kab mob ib puag ncig, cov ntshav me, ntshav kab lis kev cai ntawm cov tsiaj, cov nroj tsuag, sim, anthers, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum smearing, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau sau tseg: (1) daim iav swb yuav tsum huv. (2) Cov kab kos iav yuav tsum muaj tiaj tus. (3) Cov txheej yuav tsum muaj cov khaub ncaws hnav. Tso cov kua tshuaj pleev xim rau sab xis ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub khob xaub thiab kis nws tusyees nrog tus pas txhuam hniav lossis hniav txhuam hniav. (4) Cov txheej yuav tsum muaj nyias. Siv lwm lub khob xaub thiab maj mam thawb thiab maj mam muab tso rau sab laug ntawm ob lub khob swb (lub kaum sab xis (5) Txhim Kho. Yog tias kev txhim kho yog qhov yuav tsum tau, cov txheej txheem tshuaj lossis cov txheej txheem kom qhuav (cov kab mob) tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho kom yooj yim. (6) staining. Methylene xiav yog siv rau cov kab mob, Wright stain yog siv rau cov ntshav, thiab iodine qee zaum tuaj yeem siv. Lub kua dej qhuav yuav tsum npog tag nrho cov smear nto. (7) yaug. Qhuav nrog kev nqus ntawv lossis ci kom qhuav. (8) kev sib khi. Rau lub sijhawm ntev, siv Canadian cov posadian los kaw cov swb.
2. Txoj kev nias yog ib txoj kev ntawm tso cov khoom siv roj ntsha ntawm cov xaub thiab npog npog, thiab nyem cov ntaub so ntswg sib cais.
3. Txoj kev mounting yog ib txoj kev ntawm kev sib khi cov khoom siv roj ntsha ua ib qho kom tau ib qho swb swb. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv los ua ib ntus lossis mus tas li.
Cov ntaub ntawv rau mounting slides suav nrog: cov kab mob me me xws li clamydonas, spirogyra, amoeba, nematodes; Hydra, cog nplooj Epidermis; Tis tis, ob txhais ceg, lub qhov ncauj, tib neeg lub hlwb epithelial, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum ua txoj kev nyiam, them sai sai rau cov hauv qab no: (1) Thaum tuav lub swb, nco ntsoov khaws nws tiaj tus lossis tso rau ntawm lub platform. Thaum twg qaug dej, cov dej yuav tsum tsim nyog, yog li ntawd nws tsuas yog them los ntawm lub npog tiab. (2) Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm nrog rab koob nyias los yog tweezers tsis muaj kev sib tw thiab pluav rau ntawm tib lub dav hlau. (3) Thaum muab daim npog npog npog, npog maj mam npog rau ntawm cov dej los ntawm ib sab kom tiv thaiv npuas. (4) Thaum Staining, tso ib tee ntawm ib qho kua ntawm ib sab ntawm cov npog thiab nqus nws los ntawm sab tod los nrog cov quav rau hauv qab npog. Tom qab staining, siv tib txoj kev kom poob ib qho poob ntawm cov dej huv, nqus cov kua dej sib ntxiv, thiab saib hauv qab lub tshuab tsom.
4. Cov seem yog cov quav xaub ua los ntawm cov ntaub txiav nyias nyias los ntawm cov kab muaj sia.
Vim muaj kev yuav tsum tau sib txawv, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hauv cov pob ntseg lossis khov nws ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab hlais nws nrog ib qho microtome. Txiav rau hauv 5-10 micron slices rau kho lub tsom iav tsom iav. Ultra-nyias slices txiav los ntawm cov nqaij blocks embedded nyob rau hauv epoxy cob qhia lossis methantive ntawm {2}} Nanometers thiab tshwj xeeb rau kev soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Cov tshooj ntawm cov lus qhia hauv paus hauv paus thiab cov cag siv rau kev qhia dav dav yog feem ntau hu ua paraffin tshooj.